CIBERSORT confirmed that grade 3 tumors were infiltrated with macrophage M1, follicular helper T cells, and activated natural killer cells (all p <0.001). Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that grade 3 tumors were significantly enriched with not only cell proliferation and cell cycle-related gene sets but also immune activity-related gene sets. Disease-free survival was significantly worse in grade 3 tumors (all cohorts). Grade 3 tumors were more common in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, advanced-stage patients, and were associated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and basal subtypes by the PAM50 classifier, as well as with increased MKI67 expression (all p <0.001). Overall, 2876 patients were analyzed in this study. Transcriptomic and clinical data were obtained from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium, and the findings were validated by The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer cohort and GSE25066. In this study, we hypothesized that grade 3 breast cancers demonstrate aggressive molecular biological profiles, reflecting worse biology and possible underlying immunogenicity. As such, histologic grade was incorporated into the latest 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer breast cancer staging system. Although Nottingham histological grade is a subjective pathological determination, it has been accepted as a surrogate model for cancer biology. Cancer biology dominates the behavior and prognosis of a tumor.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |